Hurumanu - Evaporation, Condensation, Distillation...

Introduction: Today we did an experiment on Distillation, Evaporation, and Condensation, and it was also a really good day...

Aim: To separate a solute from a solvent in a solution using distillation.

Equipment: Solution Of Coke, Conical Flask, Heat Proof Mat, Delivery tube, Bunsen burner, Tripod, Gauze Mat, Bosshead & Clamp, Boiling tube, Retort stand.

Method:
1. A mixture of coke and water was heated in a conical flask…
2. The water evaporates leaving the coke behind…
3. The water vapor flows through the delivery tube…
4. Heat the solution until most of the solvent has been evaporated. Turn off your element…

Results: We saw that the coke started to bubble because of the heat of the element, then at the end of the experiment there was syrup at the bottom.

Discussion: What or how we did for this experiment... We used a Conical Flask to hold our Solution Of Coke, then we boiled it with an element we then evaporated the Coke, and we got vapor out of it, then we used a delivery tube to get the vapor to travel into a boiling tube because the delivery tube was connected to a conical flask and a boiling tube, we then used Condensation, we got ice and put it in a beaker and put it just below the boiling tube, to cool it down, the coke then turned into a syrup-like substance, it as the leftover sugar from the coke, The boiling tube was then filled with water from the vapor...

Conclusion: Did it work? In conclusion, it did work and we ended up with a dark like syrup on the bottom of the Conical Flask...

Hurumanu - Evaporation Experiment - 2020

Introduction: We have been learning about
Evaporation is... It is when a liquid is turned into a gas.

Aim: The aim is to Evaporate Copper Sulfate- (blue liquid)...
To separate the mixture...

Solute? Solvent? Solution? Mixture...

Hypothesis: I think what will happen is the (Blue Liquid) in the Copper Sulfate will somewhat disappear a little, there will probably...

Equipment: Copper Sulfate Solution, 250ml beaker, Heat Proof Mat, Evaporating basin, Element.

Method:
1. Set up Element...
2. Add 100ml of hot water to the beaker and place it on the element...
3. Add Copper Sulfate to the evaporating basin until it is quarter full...
4. Carefully place the evaporating basin on top of the beaker...
5. Turn on the Element to 2, maybe in a while bumping the element up to 6...
6. Heat the Solution until most of the Solvent ha been evaporated and crystals of solute forming...
7. Turn off the element- be careful of the beaker, it will be hot for a while...

Observation: As time goes by we see that inside the beaker there where bubbles forming, and maybe a few drops of water & you can slightly hear the small bubbles popping or the sound of boiling happening...

Conclusion: In conclusion, our experiment did not work, but we think we have an idea for the next time around...

Evaluation: It was fun but, it didn't go as planned but now we see that we may need to adjust some things next time around...

Hurumanu - Dilution Experiment...

For science this week I or my group did an experiment on Dilution -(Meaning: Making a liquid less concentrated or weaker)
We did this dilution experiment because or to explain or learn how dilution works, we were doing something or using a method called Serial Dilution...
It means we repeated this process for a while...

Aim: To make a dilution series to investigate concentration...

Equipment: A Potassium Permanganate crystal, Six large text tubes, Tweezers, A plastic transfer pipette, A test tube rack, 10ml measuring cylinder, Spatula...

Method: 
1. Place the six test tubes in the test tube rack, Label the rack with numbers 1-6
2. Using the measuring cylinder, fill test tubes 1 with 10ml of water, fill the other test tubes with 5ml of water.
3. Using your tweezers, add a single crystal of potassium permanganate to test tube 1.
4. Gently shake the test tube until the crystal has dissolved.
5. Using the transfer pipette, carefully remove 5ml from test tube 1 and pour it into test tube 2.
6. Rinse the transfer pipette thoroughly to ensure that no purple solution remains.
7. Gently shake test tube 2 and repeat the transfer process, transferring exactly 5ml of the solution to test tube 2 to test tube 3.
8. Rinse the pipette again and repeat the transfer process for test tube 4, 5, & 6

Science Hurumanu - Food testing - Term 1 Week 5 2020...

Aim: What nutrient foods are in different food...

Hypothesis: 
What I think is in each food - (Bread, Milk, Apple, Potato, Egg, Glucose)
For the hypothesis, I would think that bread is a complex sugar, a Sugar/Lollies simple sugar, or an Egg would be protein, and Apple would be a complex sugar, etc...
Carbohydrate - Sugar - To make energy...
Protein - For growth - To repair muscles...
Lipids - Fat & Oils - Insulate/Protect organs, energy...

Equipment: Test tube - Iodine solution - Food sample...

Complex - Long slow energy...

Simple - Quick short energy...

Method: 1, 2, & 3...
1. Iodine, we used two drops of iodine on each food...

The foods, Apple - Banana - Potato...
If food turned black when fused with iodine, it means that they are complex sugar...
Results - They all seemed to turn black which means they are complex sugars...

2. We also put two drops of iodine in another bunch of food samples, 
glucose - milk - egg...
Results - Our test 2 food samples turned a yellowish brownish color therefor there are no complex sugars inside of these foods...

Now we put 5 drops of benedict solution into all of the foods we have tested on - we also heated this benedict solution to see a different result, and we learned that some of the food samples can change color when heated, like orange-red - blue - purple...

Results - It turns out that all are simple except the potato, it was like a complex but not quite, and also the apple & glucose was a complex sugar...

3. Ok now with our third tests we got all the food samples and put 10 drops in each of the samples, five in each bottle with two different bottles of chemicals, Sodium Hydroxide-(NaOH) and also Copper(II) Sulfate (CuSO4)...

Results - Most of all the foods turned blue & purple, the apple - banana - egg - glucose/sugar - milk - potato...

Conclusion - My hypothesis was somewhat right and wrong for a few reasons, mostly because I knew that bread was actually was a complex sugar and that the sugar/glucose was a fast-flowing sugar which means it was a simple sugar which is kinda estimated because some people already know that sugar/lollies are simple sugars...

Discussion:
We found out that the bread isn't a fast-flowing sugar, it is a complex, mostly because it has starch inside of the bread...

We also found out stuff about if you put different types of chemicals inside of the food samples - they could change color and identify if the food sample is a Complex sugar, Simple sugar or a Protein...

Hurumanu - Climate change - The Future...

Aim; To look at the different ways we can prevent climate change in the future.

How is sea-level rise going to affect us in NZ

What places will be affected?

Pacific islands, Different places in New Zealand, Places near rivers,

What else do we need to think about?

Building more houses near inland for the people or the area that gets flooded...

What other places around NZ will be affected?

Places near rivers or beaches.

What does this do to our drinking water?

it could get into our drinking water, therefore we get sick from the water we would be drinking...

What are the main concerns?

1. New or more buildings/houses for people whose houses/buildings got flooded, we would have to build them in new places or inland...
2. Our drinking water would be affected by the seawater and would be affecting our pure water from the sea flooding our homes or coastal places.

What can we do to prevent climate change?

What can we do?

1.  We could have more electric/hybrid cars?.?
2.  Use more public transport,  
3.  Try to use more electricity.   

Curbing climate change

What is the one, silver bullet solution?

There is no silver bullet solution...

What is the mix of things we need to start doing?

1. Using solar, on buildings?.? or planting more Trees...   
2. Keeping away from the fossil-fueled transport vehicles,   
3. Using more electric public transport...

What are 3 others you can think of?

1. Build more houses more inland for the people who live on the coast because of how the sea-level would rise... 
2. Replanting more trees because we already cut down more trees then we must...
3. Try to not use as much fossil fuels anymore...  

Activities:

Carbon Footprint: 

Carbon Footprint explained

Dwelling
Water
Recreation
Heating and cooling
Electricity
Transportation
Food
Waste
Air Travel
Consumption

Colour 1: for actions, they are already doing 

Colour 2: for actions that they pledge to undertake in the future

Ecological Handprint The Ecological handprint builds on the concepts from the Carbon Footprint. We will look at the positive actions of:

1. Transportation
2. Community
3. Consumption
4. Water
5. Food
6. Home
7. Waste

1 Colour: For each action, you are already doing 

2 Colour: For each action, you would like to do in the future

Hurumanu - Science: Solar Energy...

Solar Energy

Aim: To find out which color attracts the suns heat.

Hypothesis:

I think that what will happen with solar energy's or what will happen with one...

Hypothesis meaning... It means to guess something... but out of the information you already have...

I think that the black covered cup will heat up the most because of how the heat will or can get threw the black paper but also make the heat stay inside of the surrounding black paper... 

Materials:

1.  Three Plastic Cups...
2.  Tin Foil...
3. Black paper... 
4.  White paper...
5.  Water...
6. Heat lamp...

Steps

1. Collect The Materials...
2.  Pour the water into the three cups...
3.  Wrap one Foam Cup in tin foil...
4.  Wrap the others in the other materials... Black plastic...
5. Put the materials of the cup, under the cup...
6. Put the water into all three cups...
7.   set the heat lamp up so that it can reach all three cups...

Findings:

Time	Cup 1 White	Cup 2 Black	Cup 3 Tinfoil
0	16 Degrees	16 Degrees	16 Degrees
15	18D	19D	17D
30	21D	25D	23D
45	24D	26D	25D

This is basically what we have done with the experiment...

The cups will absorb the heat from the heat lamp,

So that the water warms up...

Conclusion

I have learned to make a heat lamp for solar power or...
To make water heat up and to see what cup will heat up the fastest with a different material surrounding the cup, I have learned about what the solar energy can do to different.

Activity:

In pairs rate the livability of coal vs solar energy.

Comparing Coal energy with Solar energy ( Rate; 1 = poor to 10 = great)

Factor	Solar	Coal
Livability
Sustainability
Accessibility
Cost
Your choice...

Hurumanu - New Science laboratory...

Aim: To learn about the expected behavior in a science laboratory.

Our R9 Class Treaty

1.    Bags under desks,
2.    No Food or Drink,
3.   No Running,
4.   Don't touch experiment,
5.  Report any breakages or spills,
6.   Do not taste or sniff,

Safety in a laboratory.

teacher   shoes   practical  teacher laboratory   ask  sniff teacher  breakages 

1.   Follow the instructions given to you by the Teacher.
2.   You must not enter the laboratory without your teacher.
3.   Report all breakages to your teacher.
4.   You must never eat or drink in a laboratory.
5.   Shoes must be worn at all times.
6.   If you spill something you should tell your teacher immediately.
7.  You should wash your hands after every practical activity.
8. You should know what you are doing. If in doubt ask your teacher.
9. Never taste or sniff chemicals.

In your group, discuss how the following scenarios could be dangerous.

1. Not putting your bag under your desk.
2. Running around in the laboratory.
3. Not wearing shoes in a laboratory.
4. Shaking a test tube with your thumb over its mouth?

How do we work in this laboratory?

1. Beginning and End of class: Lining up, Entry, Seating, 
2. Equipment tray: equipment list and details.

• Test tube - This is used for experiments using liquids. They have a bung that can be placed in the top. Test tubes sit in a test tube rack.
• 
  
• 
• Conical Flask - This is used for experiments with liquid up to 150 ml. The flask has a rubber bung for the top and the glass is heatproof.
• 
  
• 
• Glass Stirring rod - This is a 20cm glass rod used to stir and mix any liquids together.
• 
  
• 
• Test tube tongs - These are used to hold a hot test tube after an experiment.
• 
  
• 
• Spatula - This is for holding very small amounts of chemical powders.
• 
  
• 
• Funnel - used to channel liquids into a smaller container.
• 
  
• 
• Measuring Cylinder - This is used to measure liquids for experiments. The liquids will be poured into a beaker or test tube once measured out.

Hurumanu - Science: Water Cycle...

Aim: The aim of this blog post is to write about what we have been doing with our science this term...

We have been doing research about the water cycle...
So first we have been making water cycles on a big plastic bag/Ziplock bag so we basically have been drawing a water cycle on two Ziplock bags and what we did with the first one...

( Water Cycle Experiment 1: ) 

Purpose:
To learn about the water cycle and how CO2 can affect the water cycle...

Materials:
Big Plastic Bag…
A 2 ¾  cup of Water… (To Pour inside the Plastic bag…)
Double-sided tape… (To hang on the window)

Steps:
1 To Get A Big Plastic bag and a permanent Marker...
2 Draw the water cycle on the plastic bag and a sun...
3 A cup of water in a Big Plastic bag with a couple of drops of blue food coloring... ( Make Shore not to get it on your clothes… )
4 And stick it on the window where it gets the most sunlight...

Conclusion:
What happened was that it actually created the vapor and it went well...
Because it did create the vapor and it went down as planned but not as fast...
By fast, I mean that it went as planned.


( Water cycle experiment 2: )

Purpose:
To learn about the water cycle and how CO2 can affect the water cycle...

Materials:
Big Plastic Bag… ( Ziplock bag… )
A cup of Soda water… ( Pour inside the Ziplock Bag…)
1 teaspoon of Baking Soda…. ( Pour into Big Plastic Bag with the Soda Water…) to release the carbon dioxide from the Soda water...
A couple of drops from the Blue Food Coloring...
Double-sided tape… (To hang on the window)

Steps:
1 To Get A Big Plastic bag and a permanent Marker...
2 Draw the water cycle on the plastic bag and a sun...
3 A cup of Soda water in a Big Plastic bag with a couple of drops of blue food coloring... ( Make Shore not to get it on your clothes… )
4 Put the 1 teaspoon of baking soda into the Ziplock bag...
5 And stick it on the window where it gets the most sunlight...

Conclusion:
I think that this experiment will succeed with what its suppose to do…
It was supposed to be like an exact water cycle but inside a Ziplock bag…
I think that it will be somewhat close to succesful because I think that it will create some vapor and then pour down back to were it was….

Findings

The Water Cycle: Bag 1	CO2 Water Cycle: Bag 2 Acid	Desert Water Cycle Bag 3
Does it cycle?	2	1
Amount of Water	1	2
Acidity	1	2

4 things that I noticed:

Bag one.

1. It started to evaporate

2. The color of the liquid started to shine 

Bag two.

1. The litmus paper turned white

2. Other than that it stayed the same

Conclusion:
I predicted that the normal water cycle would be good and that it would create vapor and show how it created slowly...
While the second water cycle with the baking powder and acid... I thought that it would create the most vapor and show how it would create the vapor, I thought it would be slow, but it would be more like a water cycle than the first bag because I thought it was different so., I thought it would change in a different way. 

Science: Home Chemistry, Mars Rover

Mars

How to get to Mars

Aim: To learn about Mars exploration.

1. Rover facts

2. Design, Draw and Make a Rover

3. Mars facts

1. Rover facts:

What are the 5 parts for?

Link: Rovers 5 parts

Fill in the table below.

Name:	Purpose:
Wheels	The purpose of wheels is to get across hard terrain and travel across the planet to find new exciting things.
Solar Panel	For the solar panels to work they need to be flapped up so that the sun can reach them, The Rovers need the energy to drive so they use solar panels, solar panels are a source of connecting or transferring energy when the sun is shining on the solar panels.
Laser	To cut threw rocks or other materials, or Protection.
Camera	There are 23 cameras on any of the Nasa Rovers the main camera in the front on the long arm can make a 360 spin, new facts, The Rovers cameras are for taking photos of Mars and its terrain so that the scientists on earth can find out more about how Mars works.
Shovel, rock pick, drill	They need these types of stuff on their Rovers to scan, what type of materials or what the terrain of the planet is so we can live on the planet...

2. In groups of 3, you will Design, Draw and
Make a Mars Rover out of Lego Technics.

Materials:

1. Lego Technics
2. A4 paper
3. Pencil
4. Ruler
5. Eraser

The drawing and model must have:

• 6 wheels
• 1 camera
• 1 tool at the front that includes a shovel, pick and drill.
• 1 solar panel
• 1 laser that points at the ground

( Take a photo and upload  your Mars rover onto your blog.)

3. Mars Facts

Link: Facts

You will need to find out the following:

Fact	Earth	Mars
Picture of planet
Length of 1 year	365 days	687 Days
Length of 1 day	24 hours	1d 0h 37m
Distance from the sun	149.6 million km	227.9 million km
Distance from Earth.	54.6 million km	54.6 million km
Gravity:	9.806 m/s²	3.711 m/s²
Colour:	Blue, Green & White...	Red, Maroon, White
Temperature	-88 to 57 C	-80 to 60 C (Average)
Rainfall	39 inches	518m
Atmosphere	Nitrogen   Oxegen Argon Others	Carbon Dioxide Water Vapor
Surface	510.1 million km	144.8 million km
Moons and names	Moon   Our home...	Deimos Phobos

Conclusion: Write about what you have learned.

I Have learned that mars have other names to it,
and how the atmosphere works or is built from,
I have learned that time is different in some ways
because of one year at mars, actually a true fact,
One year is 687 days & One day is 1D 0H 37M I thought that was Really Cool.